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Paint is the liquid or liquefiable mixture of Binder and Pigments to create a layer of cover to materials surface. This mixture is modified with additives and solvents depending on the purpose of the product. Paint has many colors, designed to cover and stick to the surface of many different materials, because of this paint is normally used to:
+ Decorating
+ Protect the material’s surface
+ Other purpose
Paint is consisted of these following components:
+ Binder (or firm former): the binder is the main component of paint, it is the firm forming part of the mixture. The nature of the binder decide the paint type (oil or alkyd…) and the paint gloss, durability, flexibility and toughness.
+ Extender: Used to improve statics of paint like: durability, flexibility and toughness of the paint’s layer, improve the painting procedure…Frequently used Extender are: Calcium Carbonate, Kaolin, Talc…
+ Pigments: powder used to create the paint’s color and improving some aspect of gloss and durability of the paint Pigments can be natural or synthetic. Natural pigments have dark tone (except Titan dioxide) and better coverage, durability while Synthetic pigments have brighter tone but lower coverage and durability.
+ Additives: Used in very small amount but improve the quality of the paint. Depending of the paint purpose, different additives are used.
+ Solvent: Used to dissolve the polymer and adjust the viscocity of the paint. The type of polymer used in the paint decide the proper solvent to be used.
The making of paint consisted of these following parts:
+ Pre-mix: This is the part where the components are mixed to create a stable mixture so that the grinding part can proceed.
+ Grinding: The components are grinded to create a firm mesh depending on the demand of the product.
+ Letdown: Dissolve and completing the product.
+ Cleaning: Get rid of the impurities to create the best possible mixture.
The paint’s layer can be affected by problems of these following facts:
+ The kind of surfaces and materials that are going to be painted.
+ Surface preparation process.
+ Painting process.
+ The quality of chosen paint. With any of those above have any problems, the whole layer can be affected.
Because a prepared surface will result in a better paint layer. Any material surfaces need to be prepared before painting can begin. The right preparation process will improve the paint layer drastically while ill-prepared surface will result in lower the layer quality. Preparation process including these steps:
+ Cleaning the impurities: which may be older paint layer, rust or dust…
+ Fill any holes and try to create an even and flat surface.
+ Wipe clean and create a dry surface before painting can begin.
The painting plan is the plan to guide the painting process so that it can follow the right steps. Like building a house, the painting procedure can be compared as follow:
+ Create the foundation = Prepare the painting surface
+ Solidify the foundation, building columns = Primer layer
+ Building walls, roof = Finishing layer.
The basic painting plan consisted of these following steps:
+ Surface preparation
+ Paint 1 layer of primer paint
+ Finishing with 2 layer of finishing paints.
Always follow the painting plan to improve the quality of your building!
Primer is the kind of paint that must be painted before the finishing paint can be used. It is very important since it provide these following effects:
+ Help the finishing layer stick harder to the material’s surface.
+ Protect the finishing layer from many harmful effects of corrosion, erosion, humidity and rust…
Because of the importance of the primer layer, this layer must cover the intended surface entirely. Choosing the right primer is very important since each type of surface have the primer made for it. But in some circumstances, users can use different primers to fit their intended outcome. For a flat surface, with no flaw, primer can be painted with any tools, like roller or brush or gun. But for a flawed or ragged , edgy surface like metal, wood it is recommended to use paint spraying gun or soft brush.
The finishing layer main goal is to decorate the intended surface, withstand the environment harshness, protect the building..etc. Depend on the purpose of the construction the right finishing layer can be chosen. Common method of painting the finishing layer:
+ Rollers
+ Brush
+ Paint spraying gun
+ Puty layer
+ Dip in paint Depend on the intended surface, choose the appreciate method.
Yes, the producer of the product has already designed them to be in complete synergy with other products in the same order to prevent the risk of incompatible products.
Interior paint is intended to use on the surfaces inside of the building, these paint have weak resistance against environment’s harshness like humidity, moss or direct sunlight, rain. Exterior paint, on the other hand, are designed to withstand all of those condition, there for well-equipped to be used on the outside surface of the building. If interior paint is wrongly used on outside surface, these problems may occur:
+ The surface became chalked due to erosion of the paint.
+ Moss will occur.
+ The paint colors will deteriorate over very short amount of time. On the cover of the products, the company will always have the description of which type of paint is Interior or Exterior, try to pay attention to the information.
The storage-able time of paint depend on the quality of the paint inside the barrel and the environment where the paint is kept. To store paint correctly, simply follow these rules:
+ Position the paint barrel up-straight, make sure the lid is properly sealed.
+ Keep the paint in cool areas, avoid hot places or direct sunlight, weathers.
Yes, there are some differences in prices between the colors, depending on which one is normal and which is special color. Prices may varies depend on which type of colors is used and the intense of it. Customers can orders any colors, as long as they are present on the list of mixable colors of the company.
The colors on the table and the real-life colors may have some differences, because of the printing method of the colors table. In real-life, the paint layer will have thicker colors than in the table due to the enlargement of space. Besides, colors may be affected by the condition of light, space and nearby colors, so it may be a bit different from the table. The colors MAY deteriorate after times depend on the condition of the products or the environment or flaws during painting process.
There is no rule in the matter of colors since it is strictly depended on user’s preference. But there are a few steps we can offer you in choosing the right colors for your house:
+ First, choose the main color or the color tone of your intended rooms, house.
+ Harmony in bending the colors in decorating the house is important, aside from the colors of the walls, pay attention to the colors of the furniture you going to put inside the room.
+ When choosing colors from the table of the producer, please view it in both daylight and nighttime light condition so that you can see the difference in changing colors from light conditions.
+ After all that, you may order a small amount of paint to paint in a experiment. If the color is perfect, you may proceed to buy larger amount and start painting the building.
+ Remember that when painted on large spaces, same paint colors will seem thicker than in the colors table.
Coverage ratio is the amount of Square-meters that 1kg or 1l of paint can cover. To count the amount of paint needed, simply do as follow:
+ Measure exactly the spaces you want to paint (S)
+ From the paint stats, find the coverage ratio of it (square meters per kg/l), then simply count the amount needed by multiply the ratio with the total S.
The quality and the colors ratio of 2 layers are always better than only 1. 2 layers will help cover many flaws and ensure the coverage of the entire intended surface.
Adding too much water to the paint than the designed amount of the company will result in lower the quality of the paint’s layer. It will be easier to be affected by chalking, moss and even the painting process will be harder due to diluted paint tend to flow too much.
Yes, it is very important to obey the time required between each layer of paint. But the time may be varied a bit from the recommended time due to environment conditions or real-time circumstances. Users just need to ensure the previous layer is complete dried before the next layer can be applied.
Do not use white paint instead of the primer, due to it not having the primer main effects:: creating the semi-glue between the surface and the finishing layer, preventing deteriolize…protecting the finishing layers.
Do not use white cement instead of the primer. Since cement can’t:
+ Create a layer thin enough to form a semi-glue layer between the surface and the finishing layer.
+ Cement is easy to be chalked.
+ Can’t resist alkali.
If the old paint layers are still in good condition, you may proceed to remove the old finishing layer then clean the surface and paint in new layers on the old primer layer. If the old paint layers are in poor condition with moss, flawed, chalked, it is recommended to clear the surface entirely and paint a new and proper primer layer.
Quality will be assured if surface is treated correctly.
Interior paints are intended to do decorating purpose so they have little to none waterproof stat included.
If the crack is small, it can be painted over but if the crack is too large, you may have to do some surface preparation to prevent the cracking of the surface later.
With interior surface, the main problem that is going to occur without primer layer is alkali. To check, we simply need to remove a small area of paint from the surface and see if there is any thin layer of white primer or not, if there is none it is without primer layer.
No, do not paint emulsify paints over oil-based paints.
Follow this order when you start painting the room: Ceiling (Emulsify paint)-> Walls (E-paint)-> Door (Oil Paint) -> Windows (Oil Paint) -> Wall’s underline (E-Paint)
First, use the small brush to paint the corner. Second, paint the larger areas by creating 75cm wide line at a time with rollers, use ladder or long rollers to reach the high places. Always finish the ceiling first before starting on the walls.
+ Flat paints do not have the ability to prevent dirt and can not be cleaned.
+ Semi-gloss paints have the ability to prevent dirt and can easily be cleaned, therefore should be used on kitchen, bathroom or some doors.
+ Gloss paint have the greatest brightness and easies to clean and hardest dirt preventing stat but too much bright may not fit on walls. It is recommended to be used on doors, windows.
Kerosene is not the right solvent for the anti-stain primers, so the dissolving ability is quite low. When curdled paint appear, simply try to mix more until it is soft enough to use. If there is some time before painting but the paint is already dissolved, you may have to mix it again before starting.
Solvent based primer has excellent adhesive on mastic surface. It can absorb chalk on surface while water based primer do not have this ability. So solvent based primer is good choice to used on special surface as a treatment for chalking surface.
Some construction may experience the absorbing of water from the inside, which create large stained area and moss. In this case, we can treat those surfaces by doing as follow:
+ Find the source of the water or moisture, seal and prevent it. Wait until the surface is dry again.
+ Paint one anti stain primer layer
+ The finishing layers maybe waterproof paints for exterior or waterproof paint and finishing emulsify paint for interior.
Waterproof paints are acrylic based paints with waterproof ability. It can be used on walls, pond, water tank, cement, roof or ceiling. There is some caution while painting these:
+ The paint must be mixed well before painting can start.
+ The rollers used in painting must be oil-proof.
+ When painting, roll the rollers steadily, do not roll over and over again.
+ When paint the second layer of waterproof, you must make sure the time required between each layer are met.
+ Use protection glass and mask while painting.
It is advised not to do so, since waterproof paint may be able to withstand water and moisture, it cant do so against alkalization on high alkali surface. It is recommended to use one layer of primer before using waterproof paint.
Waterproof paints have high vaporization rate so it dry quickly. If the workers take too long to paint on one dip, it will start to dry when rolling, creating a raw surface. The principle of waterproofing paint is to be painted steadily, do not roll over and over in one time. After painting the first layer but not waited enough time to begin the 2nd layer, the next layer will not be able to stabilize and the surface will become rugged and raw.
It can be used, but just on permitted amount.
It can be used, but since the oil-based paints are not good in withstanding alkali, in alkali-high surface, the layers will deteriorate quickly. The flexibility of oil-based paints is not high in high moisture environment too, so the layers in these conditions may come off quickly, or the layers may become too soft after time.
Yes it can be paint directly but the surface without primer layer with get rusty quickly and will affect the finishing layers.
Use sandpaper to clean the old surface, then we can proceed to paint normally.
The solvent-based paints need some time to reach it physical-peak condition. For example, oil-based paint will dry after 24 hours but it need about a week for the layer to become solid and stick hard to the surface.
This happen when the time needed between layers are not met. The primer layer, still haven’t dried yet was covered by the finishing layers, resulting in it’s weakened state and get dissolved in to the finishing layers. The red line are the primer (with usually red in color) get dissolved in to the outer layers.
Use high-quality rollers will help a lot in painting, able to achieve higher quality layers. Rollers made from sheep’s fur are recommended for epoxy and oil based paints, but composite rollers can be used too. With flat and soft surface, it is recommended to use rollers with 3/8” to ½” thread’s length. For brick walls, ragged surface, use the ¾” to 1” type. Use ¼” type for very lumpy surface and 3/16” for flat and soft surface encountered while painting varnish or glaze.
When the barrel is opened but the lid is not sealed properly after that, then the paint inside will dry after some times. In this case, to continue using the remaining paint, we just use JOTHINER, pour some JOTHINER inside the barrel, mix it by machine or normally until the membrane dissolved. Caution: do not use JOTHINER for more than 10% of the total remaining paints. Try to seal the lid properly after use to prevent this problem from happening again.
This problem occurs when the lid is not sealed for a long time, causing the paint to dry up. In this case, remove the hardened membrane on top, then adding xylene to dissolve the remaining paint, but don’t add as much as 5% remaining volume. Remember to seal the lid properly to prevent this from happening again.
During rainy day, air temperature will drop and moisture is high. This affects the drying process of the paint. More than that, rainy day causes water to sink in to walls, if we keep on painting, this may result in the layers come off later. In rainy days, we can paint the interior surface if the temperature is high enough, the moisture is acceptable and water didn’t sink into the walls. During cold days, it is advised not to paint anything since the paint can not dry properly, resulting in dotted, hard to dry, and “sweating” surface. It is not advised to paint on sunny day too, for too high temperature can result in the paint dried up too fast. The paint need to stay in liquid form for sometimes so that the alchemic components can be absorbed to the walls and stick to the surface properly. High temperature make them vaporize too fast, resulting in reduction in stability, crack on surface…
Normally, after painting, the room will have smell for sometimes. After painting, it is advised to open all doors and keep the air flowing in and out of the room so that the smell can be cleared faster. The smell will vanish after 2-3 days under normal conditions
These can be caused by those following facts:
+ The finishing layers were painted on lumpy mastic.
+ The absorbent rate of surface is not equal.
+ High alkali surface affect the colors.
+ Mastic hasn’t dried up yet or too thick.
+ The finishing layers were not equally painted. This can be prevented by hiring experienced workers.
This problem can happen when you painted the finishing layers too thick. The layers took too much time to dry up and after a long time it’s still soft. With some force from the outside, the layers will come off en masse. This can happen when the layer didn’t reach it peak-physical condition and was affected accidently by physical forces from outside (touch, sharp object…)